Question 1

Which approach to personality emphasizes the role played by self-efficacy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bandura's social cognitive approach
B)   Skinner's behaviorist approach
C)   Gordon Allport's trait theory
D)   Rogers's humanistic theoryE) None of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 2

Traditional tests were designed to relate to ________ success.

Accepted Answer

A)   academic
B)   career
C)   spiritual
D)   familialE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Early psychologists argued that g represented general intelligence. According to these psychologists, individuals good at numerical tests:

Accepted Answer

A)   are generally good on all tests.
B)   are generally poor on all other tests.
C)   excel at visual but not verbal tasks.
D)   excel at verbal tasks but not visual ones.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Intellectual disability in which no apparent biological defect exists but there is a history of it in the family is known as ________ retardation.

Accepted Answer

A)   syndromic
B)   cultural
C)   familial
D)   non-syndromicE) A) and C)
F) None of the above C

Question 5

The ________ contains material that is not threatening and is easily brought to mind, such as the knowledge that 2 + 2 = 4.

Accepted Answer

A)   preconscious
B)   semiconscious
C)   conscious
D)   subconsciousE) B) and C)
F) B) and D) A

Question 6

The age for which a given level of performance is average or typical is known as ________ age.

Accepted Answer

A)   mental
B)   societal
C)   chronological
D)   behavioralE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Laura is 8 years old; her performance on a series of tasks is equivalent to that of the average 10-year-old. Her intelligence quotient is:

Accepted Answer

A)   125.
B)   80.
C)   110.
D)   150.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

In approximately ________ of the cases of mental retardation, there is an identifiable cause related to biological or environmental factors; the most common of these is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one-third; fetal alcohol syndrome
B)   one-third; Down syndrome
C)   one-quarter; fetal alcohol syndrome
D)   one-quarter; Down syndromeE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Pearl is kind, appreciative, and sympathetic. Ruby is outgoing, talkative, fun-loving, and sociable. Pearl probably scores high on the Big Five dimension of ________, whereas Ruby likely scores high on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   openness; agreeableness
B)   eagerness; cheerfulness
C)   agreeableness; extraversion
D)   extraversion; opennessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

________ is the belief that we have the personal capabilities to master a situation and produce positive outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-efficacy
B)   Self-regulation
C)   Self-esteem
D)   Self-actualizationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

If MA stands for mental age and CA for chronological age, then the formula for the intelligence quotient score as Binet defined it is:

Accepted Answer

A)   CA/MA x 100.
B)   MA/CA x 100.
C)   CA/(MA x 100) .
D)   MA/(CA x 100) .E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following specific traits is correctly paired with a description in terms of the Big Five dimensions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kind-high extraversion
B)   Impulsive-low conscientiousness
C)   Calm-high agreeableness
D)   Imaginative-high opennessE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Behavioral assessment relies most heavily on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the use of ambiguous stimuli.
B)   the observation of people in their own settings.
C)   the rigorous standardization of personality questionnaires.
D)   the interpretive skill of the examiner.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following alternatives offers the most accurate assessment of the origin of familial retardation in nature on the one hand or nurture on the other?

Accepted Answer

A)   Familial retardation is almost always genetic in origin, thereby reflecting nature.
B)   About 1/3 of the cases of familial retardation have a known basis in biology, or nature.
C)   Familial retardation is most often environmental in origin, such as extreme continuous poverty leading to malnutrition.
D)   Whether familial retardation is caused by environmental factors or some genetic factor is usually impossible to determine.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Direct measures of an individual's behavior designed to describe characteristics indicative of personality are known as _______ .

Accepted Answer

behavioral...

Question 16

________ approaches to personality emphasize people's inherent goodness and their tendency to move toward higher levels of functioning.

Accepted Answer

A)   Evolutionary
B)   Humanistic
C)   Learning
D)   BiologicalE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

A psychological test is reliable when it:

Accepted Answer

A)   measures what it is supposed to measure.
B)   has been normed using a sample representative of those for whom the test has been designed.
C)   yields consistent measurements.
D)   measures the positives.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

________ intelligence is the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of one's mental state.

Accepted Answer

A)   Emotional
B)   Practical
C)   Fluid
D)   CrystallizedE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

________ approaches to personality are theories that suggest that important components of personality are inherited.

Accepted Answer

A)   Biological and evolutionary
B)   Trait and learning
C)   Humanistic and trait
D)   Learning and evolutionaryE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Identify and describe the first three stages of Freud's theory of psychosexual development and be sure to identify the key developmental task associated with each stage and the potential effects on adult personality of fixation at each stage.

Accepted Answer

The following stages should be described...

Exam 9: Collaborating With Others

Which approach to personality emphasizes the role played by self-efficacy?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Traditional tests were designed to relate to ________ success.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Early psychologists argued that g represented general intelligence. According to these psychologists, individuals good at numerical tests:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intellectual disability in which no apparent biological defect exists but there is a history of it in the family is known as ________ retardation.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The ________ contains material that is not threatening and is easily brought to mind, such as the knowledge that 2 + 2 = 4.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The age for which a given level of performance is average or typical is known as ________ age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Laura is 8 years old; her performance on a series of tasks is equivalent to that of the average 10-year-old. Her intelligence quotient is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In approximately ________ of the cases of mental retardation, there is an identifiable cause related to biological or environmental factors; the most common of these is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pearl is kind, appreciative, and sympathetic. Ruby is outgoing, talkative, fun-loving, and sociable. Pearl probably scores high on the Big Five dimension of ________, whereas Ruby likely scores high on ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the belief that we have the personal capabilities to master a situation and produce positive outcomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If MA stands for mental age and CA for chronological age, then the formula for the intelligence quotient score as Binet defined it is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following specific traits is correctly paired with a description in terms of the Big Five dimensions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavioral assessment relies most heavily on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following alternatives offers the most accurate assessment of the origin of familial retardation in nature on the one hand or nurture on the other?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Direct measures of an individual's behavior designed to describe characteristics indicative of personality are known as _______ .

Correct Answerverifiedbehavioral...View AnswerShow Answer

________ approaches to personality emphasize people's inherent goodness and their tendency to move toward higher levels of functioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychological test is reliable when it:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ intelligence is the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of one's mental state.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ approaches to personality are theories that suggest that important components of personality are inherited.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify and describe the first three stages of Freud's theory of psychosexual development and be sure to identify the key developmental task associated with each stage and the potential effects on adult personality of fixation at each stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe following stages should be described...View AnswerShow Answer

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A

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C

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A

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In approximately of the cases of mental retardation, there is an identifiable cause related to biological or environmental factors; the most common of these is .

Correct Answer
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Pearl is kind, appreciative, and sympathetic. Ruby is outgoing, talkative, fun-loving, and sociable. Pearl probably scores high on the Big Five dimension of , whereas Ruby likely scores high on .

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behavioral...
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The following stages should be described...
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